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In re: Compensation for families of Indians deceased in Russia-Ukraine conflict

The Supreme Court is overseeing a petition regarding Indian nationals recruited into the Russian military, where 51 deaths, 77 missing persons, and 139 discharges have been reported as of 15 October 2026. The Court has directed the Ministry of External Affairs to issue public notices for compensation claims and clarify actions taken against illegal recruitment agents. Families continue to seek government intervention for kin who have gone missing while serving in the conflict.

Victims of 1996 Thoothukudi Riots vs State of Tamil Nadu

The Supreme Court of India is presiding over a matter concerning the long-pending compensation for victims who suffered property and business losses during the 1996 communal riots in Thoothukudi. The apex court has criticized the Tamil Nadu government for repeated requests for adjournments and the significant delay in providing relief to the affected individuals.

Centre for Public Interest Litigation and Prashant Bhushan vs Union of India — Pellet gun ban petition

The Centre for Public Interest Litigation and Prashant Bhushan filed a petition in the Supreme Court to ban the use of metallic pellet guns by law enforcement during civilian protests. A Supreme Court-appointed High Powered Enquiry Committee has established an online portal to collect evidence regarding the use of these weapons and has scheduled evidentiary hearings for 29 October 2026 and 30 October 2026.

In re: Alleged illegal detention and police excess during Delhi CEC protests

The Supreme Court is hearing petitions alleging police excesses and illegal detention of protesters during recent demonstrations against the CEC in Delhi. While the Delhi Police Commissioner submitted an unconditional apology and an affidavit on 15 October 2026 defending the detentions, the Supreme Court directed the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners on 16 October 2026 to file personal affidavits regarding internal decision-making processes.

In re: Regulation of all forms of 'talaq' under Muslim personal law

The Supreme Court of India has issued notice to the Union government and other relevant parties seeking their response to a Public Interest Litigation (PIL). The petition requests the framing and implementation of uniform procedural safeguards and guidelines governing all forms of divorce under Muslim personal law.

Delhi Union of Journalists vs Union of India and Others — Petition regarding police conduct against journalists

The Delhi Union of Journalists has filed a writ petition in the Supreme Court of India alleging police violence against independent reporters during Delhi protests. During proceedings on 15 October 2026, the Court granted interim protection to a woman journalist, discussed the challenges in defining journalists versus content creators, and considered forming a women-led committee to investigate sexual violence allegations. The matter is pending, with the next hearing scheduled for 3 November 2026.

Challenge to the Transgender Persons Amendment Act, 2026 — self-identification

The Supreme Court is examining petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the Transgender Persons Amendment Act, 2026, on the grounds that it restricts the right to self-identification. As reported on 17 August 2026, the Union Government defended the law before a three-judge bench, arguing that permitting self-perceived identity would make 169 statutory provisions unworkable. The court has directed the Union to further evaluate the impact of the 2026 amendment.

State vs Unknown — Dharavi custodial death case

A 29-year-old hawker died in police custody after his arrest for allegedly harassing his wife in Mumbai. While the Mumbai Crime Branch took over the investigation as reported on 26 September 2019, the Supreme Court directed the preservation of CCTV footage and medical records related to the death on 23 October 2025.