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Extra Judicial Execution Victim Families Association vs Union of India

This public interest litigation concerns 1,528 alleged extra-judicial killings by security forces and police in Manipur. In a landmark judgment delivered on 13 July 2016, the Supreme Court of India ordered an investigation into these incidents, ruling that the state cannot use excessive force under the cover of the Armed Forces Special Powers Act. As reported on 12 November 2018, this decision continues to serve as the foundational ruling for subsequent petitions regarding alleged extra-judicial executions in the region.

Shakti Vahini vs Union of India — Khap Panchayat guidelines

The Supreme Court issued guidelines to address the interference of Khap panchayats in marriages between consenting adults. The court ruled that such self-appointed village bodies cannot prevent adults from exercising their right to choose their partners.

National Legal Services Authority vs Union of India — Transgender rights case

Following the 2014 Supreme Court judgment recognizing transgender people as a third gender and directing the government to provide social welfare, activists have reported that implementation of these benefits remains slow and inadequate. State governments are beginning to introduce specific welfare measures like pensions and housing.

Naz Foundation (India) Trust vs Suresh Kumar Koushal and Another

This case concerns the legality of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code regarding consensual same-sex relations. The Supreme Court decided to refer curative petitions seeking a re-examination of its 2013 verdict that had criminalized such activity to a five-judge bench.