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The Supreme Court originally commuted Mohd Firoz's death penalty in a rape and murder case to a 20-year prison term in a verdict delivered on 19 April 2022. On 23 August 2025, the Supreme Court delivered a fresh judgment regarding Mohd Firoz and others concerning charges under Section 392 of the Indian Penal Code related to robbery.
The Centre for Public Interest Litigation filed a petition in the Supreme Court challenging the Comptroller and Auditor General appointment process and seeking the establishment of an independent selection committee. During a hearing as reported on 1 August 2025, the Solicitor General argued that the proposed reforms would require a constitutional amendment. The case is pending before the Supreme Court as of 1 August 2025.
A nine-judge Bench of the Supreme Court of India held that the right to privacy is a fundamental right guaranteed under the Constitution of India.
On 15 February 2024, the Supreme Court of India unanimously declared the Electoral Bonds Scheme unconstitutional and manifestly arbitrary for violating the voter's right to information. Following this verdict, a plea was filed in the Supreme Court on 5 July 2024 seeking the confiscation of all electoral bond donations previously received by political parties.
The Supreme Court addressed petitions questioning the 1994 Ismail Faruqui judgment, which held that a mosque is not an essential part of the practice of Islam. On 1 July 2025, the Supreme Court delivered a 2:1 split verdict declining to refer the judgment to a larger bench for reconsideration.
In the matter of M/s Balaji Traders vs State of Uttar Pradesh, the Supreme Court of India ruled on 5 June 2025 that the actual delivery of property is not a necessary ingredient to constitute the offense of extortion under Section 387 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. This judgment finalized the legal interpretation regarding the threat of life or injury for extortion purposes.
In Gayatri Balasamy versus ISG Novasoft Technologies, the Supreme Court delivered a judgment on 13 February 2025. In a 4:1 majority verdict, the court clarified that under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, the power to modify an arbitral award is limited to correcting clerical, computational, or typographical errors.
The Supreme Court delivered a verdict regarding the constitutional powers of the Governor of Tamil Nadu concerning the assent of legislative bills. The ruling addressed the extent of the Governor's authority in withholding assent to bills passed by the state legislature.
The Supreme Court allowed an appeal and quashed criminal charges and an FIR against two anti-trafficking activists associated with the organisation Guria. The activists had been accused in connection with a rescue raid to save bonded labourers and minor children from a brick kiln.
The Supreme Court delivered a landmark judgment directing the grant of Permanent Commission to women officers in the Indian Army. The court's ruling addressed gender discrimination in service conditions and career progression within the armed forces.
A public interest litigation was filed seeking action against BJP Lok Sabha member Nishikant Dubey for alleged contemptuous remarks made against the judiciary. The Supreme Court refused to entertain the petition.
In June 2019, a Gujarat court sentenced former IPS officer Sanjiv Bhatt to life imprisonment for his role in a 1990 custodial death case. On 29 April 2025, the Supreme Court dismissed his application for bail and refused to suspend his sentence. The court has since directed that his appeal against the conviction be heard on an expedited basis.
YouTuber Ranveer Allahbadia sought protection from the Supreme Court regarding multiple FIRs registered against him in Assam and Maharashtra. The court granted him interim protection while seeking updates on the status of these investigations.
A public interest litigation was filed in the Supreme Court regarding public safety concerns following multiple bridge collapses in Bihar. On 8 April 2025, the Supreme Court transferred the petition to the Patna High Court for a more localized and expeditious resolution.
The Supreme Court stayed an order by the Allahabad High Court which had observed that touching a woman's breast does not constitute rape. The Supreme Court termed the High Court's remarks as insensitive and inhuman.
In the 2018 Mandsaur rape case, a trial court had initially convicted two men and sentenced them to death in July 2018. However, the Supreme Court set aside these convictions and the death penalties on 10 March 2025, resulting in the acquittal of the accused.
In the 2013 Sonai triple murder case, a Nashik sessions court sentenced six men to death in January 2018 for the murder of three Dalit men in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Following a 2021 Supreme Court stay on the execution of the death penalty, the Supreme Court delivered its final judgment regarding the convicts' appeals on 10 February 2025.
Zakia Jafri, the widow of former MP Ehsan Jafri, challenged the clean chit given to Narendra Modi and others regarding their alleged role in the 2002 Gujarat riots. The Supreme Court of India dismissed her plea on 24 June 2022, upholding the findings of the Special Investigation Team. As reported on 10 February 2025, the petitioner Zakia Jafri passed away at the age of 86.
In its 11 February 2021 judgment, the Supreme Court of India established significant principles regarding reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities within the Union Public Service Commission civil services examination process. The precedent set by this decision continues to be cited by the Supreme Court in subsequent matters, as reported on 3 February 2025.
Chandrabhan Sanap was originally convicted and sentenced to death by a trial court for the 2014 rape and murder of a woman in Mumbai, a decision upheld by the Bombay High Court in 2018. On 28 January 2025, the Supreme Court of India set aside this conviction and acquitted him, citing significant gaps in the prosecution's evidence.
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