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Sambhal violence — November 2024

Following the November 2024 violence in Sambhal, a judicial commission reported in August 2026 that the unrest was a pre-planned conspiracy involving local political figures. On 2 October 2026, the Supreme Court quashed the National Security Act detention of Mulla Afroz and others, ruling that confessional statements were insufficient for such detention. The court ordered the Uttar Pradesh government to pay ₹10 lakh in costs for the illegal detention.

State vs. Various accused — Manipur ethnic violence and sexual assault case

Multiple trials and investigations regarding ethnic violence and sexual assault in Manipur are ongoing before the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has proposed the establishment of special courts for day-to-day trials and, as reported on 21 September 2026, directed the Manipur Chief Secretary to file a detailed report regarding 731 deaths and 25 suspicious fatalities in relief camps.

State vs Devangana Kalita — 2020 Delhi riots case

Devangana Kalita faces charges in a 2020 Delhi riots case under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act. Following a June 2026 Delhi High Court ruling that granted the accused access to inspect unrelied electronic documents, the Supreme Court stayed the order in July 2026 and reserved its judgment on the Delhi Police's challenge to that access on 13 September 2026.

State vs Rahul Gandhi — Communal disharmony complaint

The Supreme Court quashed a private criminal complaint against Congress MP and Leader of the Opposition Rahul Gandhi that accused him of spreading communal disharmony through remarks about V.D. Savarkar. The court ruled on 10 August 2026 that the case, which was pending in Uttar Pradesh, lacked the necessary government sanction.

NIA vs 10 Accused — Manipur ethnic violence case

The National Investigation Agency arrested 10 individuals on 19 June 2026 in connection with six cases of ethnic violence in Manipur. As reported on 10 August 2026, the Supreme Court has proposed the establishment of special courts to expedite the trial of cases probed by the NIA and CBI related to the ongoing conflict.

Anurag Thakur and Parvesh Verma — Supreme Court hate speech complaint dismissal

The Supreme Court dismissed a review petition on 3 August 2026, upholding its earlier ruling that cleared BJP leaders Anurag Thakur and Parvesh Verma of hate speech charges. The court confirmed that the speeches in question did not disclose a cognisable offence or incite communal violence. This decision follows a challenge to a June 2022 Delhi High Court judgment that had refused to direct the registration of an FIR against the leaders.

State vs. Mamman Khan — Nuh violence cases

Congress MLA Mamman Khan faced four FIRs in connection with the 31 July 2023 Nuh communal violence, for which he was initially granted bail as reported on 3 October 2023. On 13 September 2025, the Supreme Court of India ordered a joint trial for the MLA, overturning a lower court order that had separated his trial from the co-accused.

State vs Yogi Adityanath and others — 2007 Gorakhpur hate speech case

This case concerns allegations that Yogi Adityanath and others delivered provocative speeches in Gorakhpur in 2007, which were reportedly followed by communal riots. On 26 August 2022, the Supreme Court dismissed a petition challenging the Allahabad High Court order that upheld the Uttar Pradesh government's decision to deny sanction for the prosecution of Yogi Adityanath.